Anticancer properties of beta-caryophyllene and d-limonene terpenes: A review

Anticancer properties of beta-caryophyllene and d-limonene terpenes: A review

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Terpenes are a structurally diverse family of secondary metabolites found mostly in plants and microorganisms.Beta-caryophyllene and d-limonene are abundant in aromatic medicinal plants.Beta- caryophyllene can be sourced from clove and cannabis amongst others, and d-limonene is abundant in the Citrus genera.Apart from their use in agriculture, cosmetics, and food industries, these terpenes possess a wide range of therapeutic activities, Swim - Mens Suits - Training including antimicrobial, analgesic, and anticancer activities.This review discusses the anticancer effects of these two compounds against malignant tumors including breast, lung, gastrointestinal, bone, blood, endometrial, and bladder cancer.

Beta-caryophyllene induces apoptosis and prevents proliferation and metastasis through the downregulation of HSP60, HTRA, survivin, XIAP, Bcl-xL, and Bcl-2 and the upregulation of caspase 3, annexin V, p21, Bad, Bak, and Bax.The anticancer activity is also mediated by G1/M arrest, ROS induction, and JAK1/STAT activation.d-Limonene exerts its anticancer effects by upregulating autophagy-linked genes, Bax, and caspase 3 and downregulating cyclin D1 and Bcl-2.These compounds also elicit synergistic effects upon co-administration with anticancer drugs and show great prospects as useful Seat Post Sleeve agents in the fight against cancer.